1. Oligonucleotides
Structure: Generally single-stranded and less than 150 nt in length.
Uses:
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Serve as primers in PCR and sequencing methods.
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Can be cloned into vectors for creating oligonucleotide pools.
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Used in qPCR as probes.
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Assembled into larger DNA fragments for various research applications.
2. DNA Fragments
Structure: Double-stranded and typically linear.
Uses:
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Act as donor templates in gene editing technologies.
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Serve as templates for in vitro transcription processes.
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Provide standards for qPCR experiments.
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Used to assemble larger DNA fragments.
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Cloned into vectors for gene expression studies.
3. Cloned Gene Products
Structure: Double-stranded and circular, often found within plasmid vectors.
Uses:
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Enable recombinant protein production.
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Facilitate transgenic gene expression in research or therapeutic settings.
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Construct guide RNA (gRNA) for use in CRISPR gene editing systems.