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Detecting DNA Fragmentation for Apoptosis

Apoptosis is the autonomous and orderly death of cells controlled by genes to maintain the stability of the internal environment. These genes are very conservative among species, such as the Bcl-2 family, caspase family, and so on. One of the most important characteristics of apoptosis is the degradation of chromatin DNA. DNA Fragmentation is the main feature of apoptosis.

There are three common methods to detect DNA fragmentation: DNA ladder assays, TUNEL assays, and comet assays. These methods have their own characteristics and can be chosen under different experimental conditions. For example, DNA ladder assays are relatively easy to perform but needs lots of apoptotic cells, comet assays are inexpensive and rapid but do not allow distinguishing between genotoxicity and early apoptosis, while TUNEL assays are more sensitive but in situ is not a method specific only for apoptotic DNA fragmentation.

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Reference: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-018-4258-9

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